Chart for use in determining minerals and other substances.



v. H. MONUTT. CHART I'OR USB IN DBTERMINING MINERALS AND OTHERSUBSTANGES.

APPLICATION FILED APB.. 15, 1913.

Patented Feb. 1-7, 1914.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0.. WASHINGTON. D. CA

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEToE.

v AHEL arancia. or salita, artesanal.

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Application inea Aprii 15, 19173. sriai No, 7eme?.

T0. e?? alla@ it www" Be it kn vn tlilfat VEGHEL H. MGNUTT,

residi'ng'a'tA of Phelps, 'and ing to the accompanying drawings,

forming a `part ofthis" specification.

My invention relatesito 'all rt `for use more particularly:indeternminerals through study of their ldistinctive properties.

ligure I is a face view of-my chart. Eig. II is a cross section throughthe chart. Fig. III is a rear view of the chart.

My chart in the form illustrated in the drawings comprises a pluralityof disks, disposed one above another, the disks being of graduallyincreasing diameters from the topmost to the lorvermost, and being allindividually rotatable around a common axis. These disks arerepresentative, separately, of various distinctive properties ofminerals to be studied. lVlien arranged as shown in the drawings, thelarger disk, A, is representative of cleavage, the next disk, B, isrepresentative of streak the next, C, of luster the next, D, of colorthe next, E, of hardness the next, F, of specific gravity and thetopmost disk, G, of crystalline form. These disks have words or symbolson their exposed portions, at fz, b, o, fl, e, f, g, denoting thecharacteristie properties of various minerals.

The exposed portion of each disk is subdivided into a plurality or'subdivisions indicative of varying natures of the properties representedby the disks. For example, different subdivisions on the disk A indicatecleavage not noticeable, and cubic cleavage; diierent subdivisions onthe disk B indicate White streak, and black to gray streak. Differentsubdivisions on the disk C indicate vitreous and metallic luster;different subdivisions on the disk D indicate gray to black and redcolor; different subdivisions on the disk E indicate dierent degrees ofhardness, such as HzG-T and HIl-.

An essential to the use of my chart is a table of minerals of certaingenus or species, a table of this kind being, for convenience, placedupon the back of my chart,

(aan, Eig. in). This tapis includesl ai@ naines'of aivai'iety'(iiiiniiie"l such as a number locate op'p'iosit'e the name. Thesesymbols` are made 'uis'ev'tif'i initli'e piiil'er subdivisionson t he`":liskV ofitlif 'wir' i, acl cording to the nittive` eristics of themineral; as, for'il'lustrat on,"1ii 'the' mineral has a prismatic cleavzdief, itsi'Hsyinbiol-is placed in thewiprisiiia c siibdivirsmn'of by`nature, White `s`xtrej`aik,`v"iits placed i'nitli White "subdivisionolf: the streak` disk B, and so on, throughout the chart. *i

ln the use of my chart, the steps taken to determine a mineral are stepsinvolving elimination, symbols in the subdivisions placed inregistration, and deduction after manipulation of the disks to place theproper subdivisions, according to the properties of the mineral underexamination, and which are provided on the various disks A, B, C, etc.

specimen of a mineral is in the hands of a.

user of the chart and he desires to determine what the mineral is from aconsideration of its properties. It being irst noted that there is nonoticeable cleavage in the mineral, the user of the chart first locatedthe not noticeable subdivision of the cleavage disk, and uses this as abasis to which adjustments of the other disks are made. He may thenobserve that tlie specimen has a black to gray streak and he moves theblack to gray subdivision of the streak disk B into registration Withthe previously located subdivision of the cleavage disk; noticing thatthe luster of the specimen is metallic, he adjusts the luster disk C soas to bring the metallic subdivision thereon opposite the previouslyadjusted black to gray subdivision; then observing that the color of thespecimen is black to gray, he adjusts the black to gray subdivision ofthe color disk to the previously adjusted subdivisions; and finding thatthe hardness of the specimen is Hzl-B, he adjusts the Hzl-S subdivisionof the hardness disk so that it stands opposite the other subdivisionsof the other disks which have been placed in registration with eachother. NOW by comparison of the mineral indicating symbols in thevarious subdivisions of disks brought into registrapsi tion with eachother, the user is enabled to quickly eliminate all the symbols exceptsuch as appear in common on all of the subdivisions in registration,steps in this connection being the most readily accomplished by startingwith the subdivision having the fewest number of symbols therein andascertaining from one to another subdivision in registration Whetherthey appear in the other registering subdivisions. In the example citedhe Will determine by elimination steps that the symbol 42 is the onlyone appearing in all of the subdivisions that have been brought intoregistration; and upon referring to the table of minerals, Will learnthat the mineral is pyrolusite, inasmuch as this mineral is designatedby the numeral 42 in the table of minerals. v

While I have herein described my chart as used to determine minerals, itis evident it may be used in determination of other substances, or inother lines of search, Where riety of certain substances to bedetermined and being subdivided into divisions indicat ing natures ofthe properties of the substances to be determined, the divisions havingsymbols therein indicative of said va riety of substances.

VACHEL H. MCNUTT. In the presence of- JULIUs W. EGGLEsToN, J.CUNNINGHAM.

Uopiea of this patent may be obtained for ve centseach, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

